The aim of the study was to determine the influence of multicomponent preservative in a loose form on the reduction of bacteria, fungi and mycotoxins in mixtures for pregnant and lactating sows. The mixtures were stored for 3 months. The research material were 6 mixtures for pregnant sows and 6 mixtures for lactating ones, differing with the level of total protein, the addition of crystalline amino acids and preservative. The mixture were produced from the same components according to the receipt established. The preservative in amount of 0.8% was introduced to the experimental mixtures. The following acids were the active components of the preservative: formic, propionic, phosphoric, citric and benzoic. The control mixtures and those with the preservative were stored for 3 months in a storehouse. After lst and 3rd month of the storage, the total number of bacteria and was determined, and after 3 months of the storage the content of alfatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol was determined. The preservative applied influenced the reduction in the number of aerobic mesophilic bacteria from 1.3xl06 to 3.1x102 and a decrease in fungi number from 3.9x l03 to 4.0x101 cfu/g. The highest bacteria reduction was noted in the case of mixtures with the lowest protein level with an addition of crystalline amino acids. The preservative reduced the content of alfatoxin B1 , from 2.0 to 1.0 ppb. The preservative assessed did not influence the reduction of ochratoxin A, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol in a significant manner. The content of these mycotoxins was subject to a decrease of only 20 to 30%.
ANIMAL REMAINS FROM THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION AT GROMNIK HILL (RUMMELSBER) IN POLAND
Autor
Aleksander Chrószcz, Maciej Janeczek, Krzysztof Jaworski, Anna Krupsk, Aleksandra Pankiewicz, Norbert Pospieszny
Pages
19–32
Keywords
osteoarchaeology, archaeozoology, species differentation, osteometry, cattle
Abstract
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The Gromnik excavations were carried out between 2005 and 2007 as t of an extensive scientific project. During the visual-comparative analysis the anim remains were identified and classified. The osteometric measurements and osteoarchaelogical analysis was carried out. The osteoarchaeological investigations proved the majority of bovine remains. The shoulder height estimated and the percentage of bone remains are similar to other medieval findings in Silesia. Some marks of human activity according to the animal body utilization were described. The x-ray investigation of bovine finger skeleton with pathological changes was done.
The aim of our research was to verify hypothesis that clically healthy commercial carps are pathogen free. 45 clinically healthy trade carps of total body mass 900--1800 grams from nine different farms in Dolnośląskie province were examined in the time period from 28th November to 7th December 2009. For bacteriological tests samples of internal organs were taken. Quick 4-hour biochemical test RapID NF Plus System was used to identify isolated bacteria. In 42 cases samples were sterile (aseptic). In 3 other cases we have isolated following bacteria: Acinetobacter baumanii complex (with 99,83% probability), Burkholderia cepacia (with 99,99% probability). Antibiotic-resistance for isolated strains were also defined by using disc diffusion method. Isolated strains were found to be resistant to aminopenicillins. Isolated bacterial strains are untypical for fish and can be pathogenic for human.