This publication is dedicated to the new possibilities of increasing the precision of position using GPS techniques. They were applied under the definition of the local quasigeoid model in Freiberg Germany. In the following sections, selected methods of increasing GPS precision measurements and calculations are described, as well as an introduction to the usefulness of their application. They are:

• utilization of the SAPOS network,
• creating a virtual reference station,
• multiplicity of conducted measurements,
• usage of various calculation methods and their critical comparisons.

The work offers a new application of robust estimation methods that is the adjustment of horizontal and levelling geodesic networks and the detection of outlying points. Outlying points are the points, whose terrain position does not match original co-ordinates. Moreover, the work describes various theoretical and practical examples that help to compare used methods. There is also shown the practical adjustment of a new measurement of the 3^rd class horizontal and levelling city networks of Wroclaw. The precise realization networks, used on investment objects in Wroclaw, are successfully adjusted and fitted in the congruent points of the national geodesic network. The final point of the work is the adjustment of geodesic points co-ordinates and the detection of outlying points, which have incorrect original co-ordinates, or which are physically dislocated. The work findings were currently introduced into production (concerning these objects: Millenium Bridges, “Gądowianka” Estacade, horizontal and levelling city networks of Wrocław).

Comparative analysis of the accuracy and reliability parameters for models of classical leveling traverse and that of modular one is the main goal of the paper. Accuracy studies were done on the basis of the preliminary accuracy analysis. The height mean error and the global reliability parameter were assumed as the comparative criteria. Redundancy of observation set was considered as well. A suggestion of numerical working out the height modular traverse is presented. The method shown here can be useful to inventory and setting out measurements for linear objects (e.g. transport routes, water races).

The article presents an experimental laboratory set used for empirical determination of the angular accuracy of total-stations. A purpose of the designed set was also to characterise a precision of measuring device and fixing its utilitarian range. As signals, it has been propose to use plummets made of wire with the perimeter of 0,04 mm.

In the paper was presented results of using remote sensing tools to description of vegetable structure which were grown in Vistula valley (from Kazimierz Dolny to Dęblin). Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite images were used in research works. During terrain works was made evaluation of vegetable agglomeration by recognition of composition species, measurement of height and Leaf Area Density coefficient (LAD).

The work presents and explains models set of the devices which is use to change graphical code into sonic code processed for author’s method of sonic map plotting. Special construction table, which make possible placing objective of camera again above sheet of map, is main element of set. Into composition of set comes also instrument controlling arrangement correctness of optical axis objective of camera in relation to photographed map. Processed set of devices with suitable software make possible obtainment of sonic map from distortion picture of map. Distortion picture of map, which were made, become processed on sonic map owing to suitable software.