The study examined the impact of high temperature chemical prehydrolysis methods: acid (H2SO4 and HCl) and alkali (NaOH) on ethanol yield of sweet sorghum plant. After prehydrolysis samples ware hydrolyzed enzymatically (ACCELLERASE®1500 and ACCELLERASE®XC) and subjected to ethanol fermentation with yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae SIHA Active Yeast 6. The highest ethanol yield (77.8 cm³ kg^-1) of sweet sorghum biomass was obtained, applicable for the pretreatment 2% sulfuric acid (IV) at 150°C. However, in the case of lower prehydrolysis temperatures (121, 134°C) preferred seems to be sodium hydroxide at 6 or 10% use.

The production of selected extracellular hydrolytic enzymes by Trichoderma citrinoviride C-1 strain under various submerged culture conditions was examined. Production of cellulases (CMCases, FPases) and xylanases was observed in medium supplemented with lignocellulosic waste (2%). In turn, cell wall biopolymers of inactivated Fusarium biomass (3%) and inactivated fodder yeast biomass (3%) were used as carbon sources and inducers of chitinases and β-1,3-glucanases. The biosynthesis efficiency of both enzyme groups was dependent mostly on the main carbon source used in culture medium. The highest production of CMCases (1.17 U×ml^-1) and xylanases (7.29 U×ml^-1) was recorded on the 12th day of cultivation in mineral medium with lignocellulosic waste in the absence of glucose. In the present study medium supplementation with glucose was also investigated. The addition of glucose had a significant influence on cellulases and xylanases production which decreased with the increasing sugar concentration. Furthermore, T. citrinoviride C-1 strain’s capability to secretion of β-1,3-glucanases and chitinases was established and maximum biosynthesis was observed after 5 days (1.77 U×ml^-1 and 1.17 nKat×ml^-1 respectively) and decreased after this time. Application of waste materials, connected with high productivity of selected hydrolytic enzymes by T. citrinoviride, could significantly reduce the cost of their production.

Sugar beet molasses vinasse is a dark brown liquid, by-product from distilleries. Mostly responsible for color are caramels, melanoidins and alkaline products of invert degradation. These substances disturb biodegradation vinasse. Microbiological decolorization is one of the way to reducing the color of a cumbersome by-product. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the addition of nitrogen (yeast extract, peptone, and (NH₄)₂SO₄), phosphorus (KH₂PO₄), and carbon (glucose) sources to the vinasse’s medium on the decolorization of sugar beet molasses vinasse with using of lactic acid bacteria strain Lactobacillus plantarum MiLAB393. The compositional rotatable plan (N₀ = 1, α = 2, N = 10) was used for the study. Statistically, the most significant (p ≤ 0.05) for decolorization process was concentration of glucose and yeast extract. The highest decolorization was approx. 23%.