In the settlement net of the Lower Silesia region the village schools played always a crucial role, together with the church they formed a centre, in this way increasing the importance of a village. A school existed usually in every second, sometimes in every third village. Formerly the children achieved the school on foot. Today, due to the transport development the students so of primary as of secondary school may use special buses, in this way they cover a distance up to 20 km. In the present work the net of vertical and horizontal axes, situated at every 30 and 20 km, respectively, was used. The four fragments of the Lower Silesia region, localized around Wrocław were selected, namely fragments near Oleśnica, Milicz, Środa Śląska and Strzelin, each of them including 600 km² area with ca. 80-100 villages. The study of Oleśnica fragment was made for 1885, 1984 and 2010 years, for the three other fragments the 1984 and 2010 years were investigated. It was established that in the four studied fragments during the 26 years between 1984 to 2010 the small village schools of an insufficient infrastructure, mostly branch ones were liquidated. Recently new schools are being built, it is also observed that the former ones are rebuilt aiming at the creation of large sport halls.

This article presents the spatial structure of the city of Łódź, which was characterized in terms of existence of Physical Plans. Also the planning permissions issued for particular districts of Łódź in the years 2003-2008 were presented. Actual problems of spatial planning system in Poland were described. At the end the way the capital of Łódzkie Province is developed was evaluated, and the consequences resulted from implementation of new Planning and Spatial Development Act on March 27^th 2003 were determined.

In the article there is represented a content connected to creative industries and their rule that they play in land management. Besides it is also included a possibilities to measure of such kind of industries and it was qualified their meaning for cities development. The article contains the analysis of chosen models measurement and these chosen classifications the creative components of the cities economy, that can be helpful in researches connected to the high and best use of land as well as with qualification of the favorable factors to the development of the cities

This paper deals with the effect that road infrastructure has on the spatial structure of agricultural farms. Such indices were examined as average farm area, average area of a plot, average area of an agricultural plot and land use distribution in a farm. Despite the common notion that road construction investments disturb the existing structure in each case, it may be claimed in this case that the road expansion has not had any significant negative effect. The benefits for road users have been much greater.

Well-planned and optimally distributed urban green areas should form a functionally interconnected system. The location of green spaces in the city is determined by the specific environmental conditions of the area. Urban green spaces should be easily accessible to all inhabitants, they should add diversity to the local landscape, serve as meeting places and support social integration. The needs of local communities have to be taken into account in the process of green space planning. In view of the above, active community participation is an important consideration. However, the social participation approach to green area management remains rare in Poland. The paper discusses local community participation in the establishment of three parks in Warsaw (Park nad Balatonem, Park Znicza, Park Obwodu Praga Armii Krajowej).

In the present cities, in spite increasingly achievment of high-technology (the efficient systems of cleaning air, water, etc.) and facilities are served human, green area are one of deficient goods. Both of this, created and maintenance by man, and natural through we have contact with nature. In this cotext spontaneous growing vegetation appears very seldom, in the most often cases not accepted by occupants. Their diversification and occur wild, where the other plants are not growing, is underestimated value furthemore they constitute potencial of cities. Worsening conditions of city life require improvement of this situation. It is necessary to implement strategy of sustainability which were accepted by also by Poland. In this situation it ought to introduce synanthropic vegetation in green area. In this work, for example of Lublin, was introduced the analysis of possibility protect and interest the synanthropic vegetation as well as advantages of this activity.