The aim of the research was to establish vertical movements in the Warsaw region and surrounding regions, based on measurements of the 1^st class national precision leveling network, conducted as part of the 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th leveling campaigns. As the examined fragment of the national leveling network is not a networked linked directly with any level of reference, the indicated vertical movement values are relative in nature and describe only structure deformations [Grzepkowski, Cacoń 2003]. The boundaries of the region, with a span of approx. 100 km, were the leveling lines of the towns of Sochaczew, Wyszogród, Płońsk, Pułtusk, Wyszków, Niegów, Mińsk Mazowiecki, Stara Wieś, Góra Kalwaria, Grójec and Mszczonów. The paper includes an outline of source materials, algorithms and results of the reference point database search as well as a summary of the interpretation of the causes of vertical movements. The technogenic causes of height changes are a dominating factor, but other attempts of interpretation in geological context is also presented. Computed vertical movements are presented in comparison with types of leveling benchmarks stabilization.

GNSS observations at a network of permanent stations became now a complex systems offer except postprocessing also corrections sent in real time as well as the creation of virtual observation. An example of such a system is running in June 2008, the Polish Active Geodetic Network ASG EUPOS. For users was intended three services to real-time corrections, and two services for postprocessing. It is well known that measurements per- formed in real time are usually characterized by a lower accuracy than static measurements and that the accuracy of the height is less than the horizontal position. The accuracy of static measurements depends among others on the length of the vectors, the length of the observing session and the type of used receivers (L1 or L1/L2). In the paper methods of heights appointment from static GPS measurements was analyzed in the context of the technical capabilities of the ASG-EUPOS and some recommendations for such measurements. Particular attention was paid to the possibility of using to such determinations the Virtual Reference Station (VRS). Studies have shown that the procedure of height appointment with the use VRS may allow to reduce the length of observation sessions and improve accuracy compared to the results obtained from the POZGEO service. In addition, because of the short vectors between the virtual station and measured points, accuracy is not dependent on the type of used receiver (L1 or L1/L2).

The article presents the problem of geodetic investigation of a lathe using equipment with a CCD camera. Measurements of the lathe’s geometry (deviation from linearity the move of apron carriage) were performed at 14 positions in 3 cycles. Studies were made by two independent methods: using a precise geometric leveling method and laser method with CCD camera. To carry out the work the following were used: Ni007 leveling, glass leveling staff, laser diode and a CCD camera, which was connected via a USB cable to the computer. CCD camera images were recorded on computer disk. The location of the laser spots registered on an image were designated using the author’s program written in MATLAB. Aver- aged results are listed in the tables. The graphs illustrate the obtained measurement errors and the values of deviations. Our results were compared with the distribution of acceptable deviations in vertical sections, which are given in the norms.