The goal of this paper is to describe the error sources that may have influence on the accuracy of the determination of the terrain detail whittle GPS RTK survey from the user’s point of view. The error sources can be divided in two groups. First, independent from user. This may be GPS system positioning error, or specific technique errors. Second group of errors are those, which are caused by the user: lack of rod perpendicularity, bad centering of rod, wrong choice of points used for transformation. The above errors are described in this paper with the ways to avoid them or at least minimize their effect.

In this paper a two-dimensional structure resulting from the division of area into land parcels is investigated. Determination of the relationship between the parcel area and circumference allowed to characterize the characteristic parcel’s shape. Our study is based on data originating from Kraków, Zakopane, Starogard Gdański, Bytom oraz Malmö in Sweden. The relationship between the parcel circumference, L, and area, S, for the analyzed cities is the following L = A S , gdzie A = 6,28 ± 0,27. For five urban areas analyzed, the typical land parcel is a rectangle of the aspect ratio equal approximately 1:8.

Activating by GUGiK at the beginning of June 2008 multifunction system for precise positioning over the area of Poland, gave possibility for conducting geodesic work in the whole territory of the country. ASG-EUPOS system has been conducted within the EUPOS project. One of the assumptions of EUPOS project is usage of unified technical standards in the systems of all the member countries. It is done to ensure unified positioning over the whole coverage area of EUPOS system, also in the border areas where relying only on the reference stations of one country would result in decrease of the positioning accuracy. However doing measurements in the areas where for designating position, except from using national reference stations, usage of foreign stations is necessary raises concerns regarding reliability of positioning as well as integrating ASG-EUPOS and foreign systems with national geodesic warp. In this work the description of GBAS system has been done with particular interest in general assumptions and technical standards of European EUPOS system, together with its detailed Polish and Czech implementation, ASG-EUPOS and CZEPOS respectively. The concept of research verifying the operability of the ASG- EUPOS in the border areas was done. Following this concept measurement work was done in the area with the characteristic features of problem. Based on it the analysis of positioning precision with usage of ASG-EUPOS and foreign reference station was done against catalogue data. What is more the practical verification of recommendations included in project of technical guidelines G-1.12 was done.